The evolution of the guilt notion in the medieval period at some European Nations

Abstract

The law is not static, immovable, given once and for ever, it is a social phenomenon during the historical evolution and it bears the imprint of historical ages and the spiritual particularities of different peoples. The law has left us such a fingerprint during the middle Ages, when it appeared and evolved with the development of the society in general and with the economic development and public labor specialization in particular. During this period the foundation for future national legal systems, within the formation of the national states was set up. The customary law from the early feudal era, the Canon law and the Roman law were the base for the formation of the legal systems of the European medieval states. In fact, the Canon criminal law has made much progress compared to the Roman law (it has determined the criminal sin and secondly it gave us the detailed meaning of guilt, although it has used much of its borrowings from the Roman lawyers’ law, however, they managed to turn this concept into a more sophisticated and more differentiated one).