Abstract:
The geopolitical landscape of the 21st century has become relatively complex, dynamic, and unpredictable than that faced in the previous century. Implementation of effective tools to address such challenges demands an understanding of transformational emerging sciences, concepts and theories. Numerous technological advances arise from the potential of nanoscale materials to exhibit unique properties that are attributable to their small size. Furthermore, advances in material synthesis, device fabrication and characterization have provided the means to study, understand, control, or even manipulate the transitional characteristics between isolated atoms and molecules, and bulk materials.