Efficiency of foundation and exploitation of the superintensive apple tree orchard

Abstract

Efficiency of foundation and exploitation in apple superintensive orchards is greatly determined by the productivity of cultivated varieties and trees growing system. The investigations were made during the period 2003-2006 in the orchard „Codru-ST” Ltd. founded in 2000 with bench-graftings on rootstock M 9 of the varieties Gala Must, Golden Reinders and Idared. The distance between rows is 4,0 m and that in the row is 1,0 m. There were studied 4 variants of crown formation. The highest cumulated yield in the years 2003-2004 at the varieties under the study was registered at the variant V2 - 50,04-58,44 t/ha. Respectively, in variant mentioned the capital investments at foundation, keeping up the plantation and value of production were very high. Capital investments recovery took place at all the variants under the study, but the greatest value was registered at pruning’s minimalization of crown formation and designing of 2 provisional branches 123-142%. The highest economic efficiency at the varieties under the study during the years 2005- 2006 was registered in variant V2, where due to the high yield of the 41,9-46,2 t/ha t/h, production profitableness were registered 280.2-291.2%