NRF2 overexpression and reduced p65 expression in intestinal mucosa of pigs exposed to black grape pomace powder

Abstract

Grape and berry polyphenols have antioxidant effect through their ability to rapidly reduce reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), which are produced in high amounts during the inflammatory phase of chronic diseases. They also have protective effects against oxidative stress by inducing the activity of the enzyme glutathione S - transferase P1 (GSTP1) and the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NF - erythroid 2-associated factor (Nrf2), which may actually be a more important antioxidant mechanism than direct ROS scavenging. Due to their well - known antioxidant effects and their high concentrations in many dietary components they have been increasingly studied for their effects on gut health. NRF2 is essential in the regulation of fundamental cellular, transcriptional and maturation events of cytokine storms. Thus, NRF2 is considered as a potential therapeutic target for various inflammation-related disorders