Conservarea patrimoniului arhitectural în condițiile de dezvoltare urbană a localităților

Abstract

In the last thirty years, the architectural heritage of the Republic of Moldova has been subjected to unprecedented aggression and is in continuous degradation. This situation was generated, in particular, by the level of economic development and the unstable socio-political situation in the country in the last 30 years. A real danger for the architectural and natural heritage of the Republic of Moldova is the pressure of real estate investments and unauthorized constructions that have arrived together with economic growth and urban development.

Thus, in the municipality of Chisinau, out of the total number of 977 monuments, due to non-compliance with the legislation in force, approximately 258 immovable heritage monuments of national and local category suffered.

Urbanization is a process often associated with the industrialization, modernization and development of localities. In the conditions of urbanization, the problem of protecting architectural monuments and preserving historical buildings is very acute. As a rule, this is associated with the constantly growing investment activity of private economic operators, who want to invest in residential and commercial real estate (rarely in historical ones).

The use of architectural monuments is closely related to the issue of ownership, since these objects can be not only state property, but also private property. At the same time, the restoration of these structures becomes a kind of public duty of private owners, who do not always have sufficient resources to initiate and complete the works, the state not offering investors economic incentives to restore the reconstructed monument and preserve its authenticity.